For example, when we want to read the data from the cluster RU, we have to pass the cluster ID “RU” and Rx-KEY to the particular macro. By using the Rx-key the macro will fetch the data from the cluster RU.

Basically we use the macros to IMPORT/EXPORT the data to or from the clusters.

Here is the general naming convension for the IMPORT and EXPORT macros.

For Import:

RP-IMP-Cn-xx

where,

n ——–> No. of PCL file.(ex:1,2,3,4 0r 5)

xx——–> cluster ID

IMP——> Import

For Export:

RP-EXP-Cn-xx

where,

n ——–> No. of PCL file.(ex:1,2,3,4 0r 5)

xx——–> cluster ID

EXP——> Export

Macro contains some part of source code which it will be useful for number of applications, just like function modules.

Generally we use two macros in HR ABAP

• RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST
• RP-PROVIDE-FROM-FRST

The macro RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST retrieves the last(latest) data record which is valid in the data selection period.

The macro RP-PROVIDE-FROM-FRST retrieves the first(start)data record which is valid in the data selection period.

For every macro, whether the operation was successful or not will be checked with PNP-SW-FOUND. If PNP-SW-FOUND = 1, then the operation is successful. ( same as sy-subrc but the value is in reverse case)

The macro RP-READ-INFOTYPE retrieves all the data record(s) which is valid in the data selection period. If SY-SUBRC = 0 or initial, then the process is successful.

All the Macros are stored in table TRMAC.

Whenever you are using the macros like RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST or RP-PROVIDE-FROM-FRST, check whether you have included logical database PNP in program attributes.

It is not necessary to include logical database PNP/PNPCE in your program when you are using the macro like RP-READ-INFOTYPE A B C D E , where A corresponds to PERNR which describes for which personnel number you require records. B corresponds to INFOTYPE which describes from which infotype you require records. C corresponds to data structure of the declared infotype (internal table like P0000 for infotype 0000) where all the records of the particular personnel number will be stored. D corresponds to Start date. E corresponds to End date.

Sample Code :

Tables : PERNR.

INFOTYPES : 0001,0002.

 Start-of-selection.

Get PERNR.

RP_PROVIDE_FROM_LAST P0001 SPACE PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA.

 Write : / P0001-PERNR.

Note:

1. NULL is a macro which contains the value 0 (on most implementations). this is the one used to initialize a pointer to NULL

2. Debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them.

You might also be interested in these posts:

1. MACRO in ABAP – an under-used Modularization Technique
2. Programmer’s Guide to ABAP HR
3. ABAP Vs. ABAP HR